Functions of sex hormones

Gonad:

The gonads are the main reproductive organs or sex glands that participate in the production of gametes and sex hormones . The male gonads or main reproductive organs are called testicles and the female gonadal organs are called ovaries.

Gonad produces both steroids and peptide hormones. The major gonadal hormones are:

  • Androgens (11 - ketotesterone )  : Androgens are a group of male sex hormones . The main androgen is testosterone , which is secreted by the testes or testicles . It plays an important role in spermatogenesis .    
  • Estrogen (17 beta - estradiol )  : It is a sex hormone that is produced in the body of women. It plays an important role in oogenesis .  
  • Progesterone: Progesterone or its derivative progestin is another group of female sex hormones. Gametes play a role in maturation between males and females. Progesterone and estrogen together are responsible for uterine changes during a woman's menstrual cycle.



  • The function of testosterone:

    • Improving the primary sex organs
    • Improving semen
    • Semen production
    • Achieving maturity of the penis and testicles
    • Secondary sex characteristics such as
      • Beard growing mustache
      • Increase in height
      • Tone change
      • Armpit hair
      • Increase muscle strength
      • Pubic (secret) fur
      • Aggression
      • Increasing the work of oil and sweat glands
      • Increased sexual desire
    • Improving Nerve Tissue
    • Acne
    • Increasing metabolism

    The function of estrogen:

    • Increased fat
    • Stimulation of endometrial growth
    • Enhancing the uterus
    • Increased vaginal lubrication
    • Increased thickness of the vaginal wall
    • Increasing bone structure
    • Women's secondary sex characteristics such as
      • Increase in height
      • Increased sweating
      • Armpit hair
      • Pubic hair
      • Increase breast size
      • Increase the width of the buttocks
      • Increasing the size of the genitals
      • The onset of menstruation
      • Egg formation
    • Increasing metabolism

    Functions of Progesterone:

    • Increasing body temperature
    • Increasing sex drive
    • Maintains healthy libido
    • Maintains placenta function
    • Natural diuretics
    • Acts as a natural antidepressant
    • Prevents breast cancer and endometrial cancer
    • Promotes healthy thyroid function
    • Promotes healthy blood sugar levels
    • Cell and tissue maturation
    • Increase breast size
    • The uterus stops contracting
    • Protects the womb from unwanted cells that can cause damage
    • Increasing metabolism

    Sex hormones synthesis and regulation

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